Resilience and psychological factors among dentistry students who received face-to-face lectures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: This research evaluated whether the relationships between factors of resilience, self-esteem, depression, and anxiety in dental students with changes in teaching and learning methods. We also studied the psychological impact of face-to-face lectures during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study used Google Forms to collect data with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Connor-Davidson Risk Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI and BDI-II). An open-ended question was also asked about important learning difficulties. RESULTS: The analysis revealed very high levels of resilience (30.23 ± 5.84), self-esteem in the normal range (29.08 ± 4.03), minimal depression levels (12.32 ± 8.05), and low anxiety levels (17.20 ± 12.41). There were no significant differences between sociodemographic variables ranges in regard to all psychological questionnaires. No high levels of depression and anxiety were found. CONCLUSIONS: The levels were low compared to other studies in which online teaching was used, which is explained by the fact that the students retained adequate resilience and self-esteem thanks to being able to contact teachers and, above all, their own peers.

Influence on Depression, Anxiety, and Satisfaction of the Relatives' Visit to Intensive Care Units prior to Hospital Admission for Elective Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Intensive care units (ICUs) may produce stress on the relatives of patients that have long-term physiological and psychological implications. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the relatives´ visit prior to hospital admission(s) on the patient's scheduled cardiac surgery regarding depression, anxiety, and satisfaction of the patient's family in an ICU. Methods: A randomized clinical trial [NCT03605420] was carried out according to the CONSORT criteria. Thirty-eight relatives of ICU patients were recruited at an ICU and randomized into study groups. Experimental group participants (n = 19) consisted of relatives who received 1 ICU visit prior to the patient's admission. Control group participants (n = 19) consisted of patients' relatives who received standard care alone. A self-report test battery, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed by the patient's relative prior to the patient's ICU admission and again three and 90 days after ICU discharge. Furthermore, the Family Satisfaction with Care in the Intensive Care Unit (FS-ICU) and Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) were administered to help determine the respondents' satisfaction three days after the patient's ICU discharge. Results: Statistically significant differences in FS-ICU results were found between control and experimental groups; no statistically significant differences were found in IES-R, HADS, and CCFNI results. Thus, members in the control group were more satisfied with the time elapsed to raise their concerns (p=0.005), emotional support provided (p=0.020), quality of care (p=0.035), opportunities to express concerns and ask questions (p=0.005), and general satisfaction with the ICU's decision-making (p=0.003). Conclusions: Relatives' satisfaction during patients' ICU admission may be impaired after their prior visit to the hospital admission. Relative's anxiety and depression scores did not seem to be significantly affected. Relatives´ visit prior to elective cardiac surgery hospital admission impaired their satisfaction in an ICU and may not be advisable for healthcare practice.

A 120-second stretch improves postural control and plantar pressure: quasi-experimental study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There are no studies on long-term bilateral calf stretching in relation to balance and plantar pressure. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that there is better control of posture and pressures after continuous stretching of the posterior calf muscles. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pre and post-intervention study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS: We measured static footprints and stabilometry before and after continuous passive plantar flexor stretching of duration 120 seconds, among 24 healthy subjects. RESULTS: We found differences in Y displacement with eyes closed (P = 0.010), but not among other variables with eyes closed: X displacement (P = 0.263); surface (P = 0.940); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.279); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.914). There were also no differences in eyes-open variables: X displacement (P = 0.341); Y displacement (P = 0.491); surface (P = 0.167); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.852); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.079). The plantar pressures in the heel (maximum pressure, P = 0.048; mean pressure, P = 0.001) and in the midfoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.004; mean pressure, P = 0.004) were reduced, but not in the forefoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.391; mean pressure, P = 0.225). The surface became larger in the forefoot (P = 0.000) and midfoot (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous static stretching of plantar flexors for 120 seconds improved stance balance and reduced plantar pressures (maximum and mean) in the rearfoot and midfoot. It also increased the surface in the midfoot and forefoot. TRIAL REGISTRATION: at clinicaltrials.gov, under the number NTC03743168.

A 120-second stretch improves postural control and plantar pressure: quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: There are no studies on long-term bilateral calf stretching in relation to balance and plantar pressure. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that there is better control of posture and pressures after continuous stretching of the posterior calf muscles. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pre and post-intervention study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS: We measured static footprints and stabilometry before and after continuous passive plantar flexor stretching of duration 120 seconds, among 24 healthy subjects. RESULTS: We found differences in Y displacement with eyes closed (P = 0.010), but not among other variables with eyes closed: X displacement (P = 0.263); surface (P = 0.940); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.279); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.914). There were also no differences in eyes-open variables: X displacement (P = 0.341); Y displacement (P = 0.491); surface (P = 0.167); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.852); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.079). The plantar pressures in the heel (maximum pressure, P = 0.048; mean pressure, P = 0.001) and in the midfoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.004; mean pressure, P = 0.004) were reduced, but not in the forefoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.391; mean pressure, P = 0.225). The surface became larger in the forefoot (P = 0.000) and midfoot (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous static stretching of plantar flexors for 120 seconds improved stance balance and reduced plantar pressures (maximum and mean) in the rearfoot and midfoot. It also increased the surface in the midfoot and forefoot. TRIAL REGISTRATION: at clinicaltrials.gov, under the number NTC03743168.

Effects of a visit prior to hospital admission on anxiety, depression and satisfaction of patients in an intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of a vists prior to hospital admission on anxiety, depression and satisfaction of patients admitted electively to an intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN: A randomised clinical trial [NCT03605407]. SETTING: A sample of 38 patients was recruited who were to be electively admiited to ICU divided into experimental (n = 19 patients receiving one visit prior to hospital ICU admission for surgery) and control (n = 19 patients not receiving a visit prior to hospital ICU admission for surgery) groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were self-reported by patients before ICU admission, at 3-days and 90-days after ICU discharge. Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) and Family Satisfaction with Care in the Intensive Care Unit (FS-ICU) were used to measure the users' satisfaction before ICU admission and 3-days after ICU discharge. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between experimental and control groups for FS-ICU, but not for HADS, IES-R and CCFNI. Indeed, control group patients were more satisfied with regard to emotional support, ease of getting information, control feeling, concerns and questions expression ability and overall score for decision-making satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The visit prior to hospital admission did not seem to modify anxiety or depression, but may impair satisfaction of ICU patients.

Enfermedades de la mucosa oral en pacientes geriátricos con aerosolterapia: revisión bibliográfica / Oral mucosal diseases in geriatric patients with aerosol therapy: bibliographic review

Introducción y objetivos: El presente estudio se plantea describir las actividades a implementar para mejorar el tratamiento, tales como la prevención de lesiones orales, en especial, la micosis oral, en la población geriátrica en tratamiento con aerosolterapia. Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas nacionales (CUIDEN) e internacionales (Cochrane y PubMed), que se ha completado con una búsqueda manual de guías de práctica clínica y motores de búsqueda, y con una búsqueda secundaria de artículos. Se han admitido publicaciones realizadas entre enero de 2013 y marzo de 2018. Resultados: La disminución de las dosis de aerosolterapia, la correcta higiene bucodental y la adecuada limpieza de los dispositivos de aerosolterapia se encuentran como actividades para el tratamiento y la prevención de las lesiones bucales, principalmente las candidiasis orales. Conclusiones: Se considera necesario realizar estudios homogéneos y centrados en la población geriátrica, sobre todo en la prevención de estas patologías, superando las limitaciones metodológicas encontradas

Introduction and objectives: This study aims to describe the activities to implement to improve the treatment as the prevention of oral disease, especially oral mycosis, in the geriatric population with aerosol therapy. Methodology: A bibliographic review process has been carried out in different national (CUIDEN) and international (Cochrane and PubMed) electronic databases, completing it with a manual search in clinical practice guides and search engines, and with a secondary search of articles. Publications published between January 2013 and March 2018 have been accepted. Results: The reduction of aerosol therapy doses, the correct oral hygiene and the adequate cleaning of the aerosol therapy devices are found as activities for the treatment and prevention of oral lesions, mainly oral candidiasis. Conclusions: It is considered necessary to conduct homogeneous studies focused on the geriatric population, especially in the prevention of these pathologies, overcoming the methodological limitations found

Evolución de úlcera digital por presión utilizando terapia plasma rico en plaquetas con coágulo / No disponible

La cura de úlceras plantea un problema tanto por su cronicidad como por el gasto económico que conllevan. Los estudios que se vienen realizando tratan de encontrar nuevas formas en la cura de úlceras de las distintas etiologías, entre estos estudios destaca la cura de úlceras utilizando plasma rico en plaquetas con diferentes formas de administración. Tras la lectura de diferentes protocolos y formas de cura, se decidió tratar a una paciente con una úlcera digital por presión crónica de 6 semanas de evolución, que no mejoraba con tratamientos convencionales. Se utilizó la técnica de cura mediante coágulo de plasma rico en plaquetas, se extrajo sangre periférica, se preparó el coagulo y se colocó sobre la úlcera con una cura de 5 días de duración. Los resultados obtenidos fueron muy satisfactorios y en pocas semanas la úlcera estaba completamente cerrada presentando una pequeña herida que se descargó y curó con antiséptico local

The cure of ulcers poses a problem as much for its chronicity as for the economic cost that they entail. The studies that are being carried out try to find new ways in the cure of ulcers of the different etiologies, among these studies highlights the cure of ulcers using platelet-rich plasma with different forms of administration. After the reading of different protocols and forms of cure, it was decided to treat a patient with a digital ulcer by chronic pressure of 6 weeks of evolution, which did not improve with conventional treatments. The technique of cure by clot of platelet-rich plasma was used, peripheral blood was extracted, the clot was prepared and placed on the ulcer with a 5-day cure. The results obtained were very satisfactory and in a few weeks the ulcer was completely closed presenting a small wound that was discharged and cured with local antiseptic